Pervouralsk, city, Sverdlovsk oblast (region), western Russia, located on the upper Chusovaya River and on the railway from Yekaterinburg to Perm. Founded in 1732 as an ironworks, the modern city of Pervouralsk has several large steel-pipe factories. It also produces mining machinery, pipes, chemicals, clothing, and foodstuffs. Iron ore containing vanadium is mined in the vicinity. Pop. (2006 est.) 132,881.