Garden and landscape design - Japanese, Zen, Nature

garden and landscape design

Table of Contents

Introduction
Functions and concerns of garden and landscape design
- Aspects of landscape architecture
- Art, science, and nature
Design
- Aesthetic components
  - Elements
    - Space
    - Mass
    - Line
    - Colour
    - Light and shade
    - Texture
    - Scent
    - Time, climate, and season
  - Principles
    - Unity and variety
    - Rhythm and balance
    - Accent and contrast
    - Scale and proportion
    - Composite three-dimensional spatial form
  - The design process
- Physical components
  - Natural
    - Earth
    - Rock
    - Water
    - Plants
  - Structural
    - Earth-related structures
    - Enclosure structures
    - Shelter structures
    - Engineering structures
    - Special buildings
    - Sculptural components and outdoor furnishings
Kinds of design
- Private or residential design
- Public design
Historical development
- Western
  - Antiquity
    - Egyptian
    - Assyrian, Babylonian, and Persian
    - Greek and Hellenistic
    - Roman
  - Middle Ages
    - Islamic
    - Western European
  - Renaissance to modern: 15th to 20th centuries
    - Italian
    - 17th- and 18th-century French
    - 17th- and 18th-century English
    - 19th century
  - Modern
- Non-Western
  - Chinese
  - Japanese
  - Indian
  - African, Oceanic, and pre-Columbian

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A pre-Civil War stone house in Manassas National Battlefield Park, near Manassas, Virginia, U.S.

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Chinese culture permeated East Asia and, by way of Korea, infiltrated Japan. By the year 1000 ce Japan was already developing a distinctive national art best described as a stylized, ritualistic version of the Chinese. The typical early Japanese garden lay to the south of the dwelling and consisted of a narrow pond or lake orientated through its longer axis and containing an island. At the north end of the pond was an artificial hill from which a secondary stream descended in a cascade. These stereotyped gardens of the Heian period (794–1185 ce) show by their careful reproduction of magical ...(100 of 13629 words)

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