Lauren Bacall

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A scene from the film To Have and Have Not (1944)

Lauren Bacall and Gregory Peck in Designing Woman

Humphrey Bogart, Jack Brown, and Lauren Bacall

Lauren Bacall

American actress

Also known as: Betty Joan Perske

Written and fact-checked by The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Last Updated: Nov 20, 2024 • Article History

Quick Facts

Original name:: Betty Joan Perske

Born:: September 16, 1924, New York, New York, U.S.

Died:: August 12, 2014, New York, New York (aged 89)

Awards And Honors:: Tony Awards; Academy Award (2010); Kennedy Center Honors (1997); Honorary Award of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (2010); Cecil B. DeMille Award (1993); Golden Globe Award (1997): Best Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture; Tony Award (1981): Best Actress in a Musical; Tony Award (1970): Best Actress in a Musical

Notable Family Members:: spouse Jason Robards; spouse Humphrey Bogart

Movies/Tv Shows (Acted In):: "Family Guy" (2014); "The Forger" (2012); "Ernest et Célestine" (2012); "Wide Blue Yonder" (2010); "Ron Russell's Set the Record Straight" (2009); "The Walker" (2007); "The Sopranos" (2006); "These Foolish Things" (2005); "Manderlay" (2005); "Birth" (2004); "Howl's Moving Castle" (2004); "Dogville" (2003); "Presence of Mind" (1999); "The Venice Project" (1999); "Diamonds" (1999); "Madeline: Lost in Paris" (1999); "Chicago Hope" (1998); "Le jour et la nuit" (1997); "My Fellow Americans" (1996); "The Mirror Has Two Faces" (1996); "Ready to Wear" (1994); "Great Performances" (1993); "Screen One" (1993); "The General Motors Playwrights Theater" (1993); "A Star for Two" (1991); "All I Want for Christmas" (1991); "Misery" (1990); "Tree of Hands" (1989); "Mr. North" (1988); "Appointment with Death" (1988); "The Fan" (1981); "HealtH" (1980); "The Rockford Files" (1979); "The Shootist" (1976); "Murder on the Orient Express" (1974); "Harper" (1966); "Bob Hope Presents the Chrysler Theatre" (1965); "Sex and the Single Girl" (1964); "Mr. Broadway" (1964); "Shock Treatment" (1964); "Dr. Kildare" (1963); "The DuPont Show of the Week" (1963); "North West Frontier" (1959); "The Gift of Love" (1958); "Designing Woman" (1957); "Written on the Wind" (1956); "Ford Star Jubilee" (1956); "Blood Alley" (1955); "The Cobweb" (1955); "Producers' Showcase" (1955); "Woman's World" (1954); "How to Marry a Millionaire" (1953); "Bright Leaf" (1950); "Young Man with a Horn" (1950); "Key Largo" (1948); "Dark Passage" (1947); "The Big Sleep" (1946); "Confidential Agent" (1945); "To Have and Have Not" (1944)

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Lauren Bacall (born September 16, 1924, New York, New York, U.S.—died August 12, 2014, New York, New York) was an American actress known for her portrayals of provocative women who hid their soft core underneath a layer of hard-edged pragmatism.

Bacall started modeling in 1941 and supplemented her income with jobs as a theatre usher and as a hostess at the Stage Door Canteen, which kept her next to the Broadway theatre scene that she loved. In 1942 she appeared as an ingénue in the George S. Kaufman-directed Franklin Street, but the play closed before reaching New York. Bacall’s photo on the cover of Harper’s Bazaar in 1943 caught the attention of the wife of film director Howard Hawks. Cast in Hawks’s To Have and Have Not (1944) as the leggy sardonic beauty who gives Humphrey Bogart a famous lesson in whistling, the 19-year-old Bacall was an overnight sensation. Nervous throughout the shooting, Bacall kept her head low to keep it from shaking; this, combined with her bedroom eyes and husky voice, resulted in a sultry aura that was touted in promotional campaigns as “The Look.” She and Bogart fell in love during the filming and were married in 1945; they subsequently costarred in the successful thrillers The Big Sleep (1946), Dark Passage (1947), and Key Largo (1948). Bacall’s other successful films include Young Man with a Horn (1950), How to Marry a Millionaire (1953), and Designing Woman (1957).

After Bogart’s death in 1957, Bacall worked sporadically, appearing in one Broadway flop (Goodbye Charlie, 1959) and one hit (Cactus Flower, 1965) and in such films as Sex and the Single Girl (1964) and Harper (1966). In 1961 she married actor Jason Robards (divorced 1969). Bacall made a stunning comeback in the Broadway musical Applause (1970), for which she won a Tony Award as best actress. Her career revitalized, she went on to essay memorable roles in such films as Murder on the Orient Express (1974), The Shootist (1976), and The Fan (1981). She returned to Broadway in 1981 and won a second Tony Award for Woman of the Year.

Empty movie theater and blank screen (theatre, motion pictures, cinema).

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Bacall’s performances of the 1990s, most of which capitalized on her brash-but-endearing personality, are among her most respected. She received good notices for supporting roles in Misery (1990), The Portrait (1993; made for television), My Fellow Americans (1996), and Diamonds (1999). For her performance in The Mirror Has Two Faces (1996), Bacall received her first Academy Award nomination, for best supporting actress. Her later films include Dogville (2003) and Birth (2004), both of which also featured Nicole Kidman, and The Walker (2007). In 1999 she scored another Broadway triumph in a revival of Noël Coward’s Waiting in the Wings. Bacall wrote three autobiographies—By Myself (1978), Now (1994), and And Then Some (2005).

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