James Farmer

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Introduction References & Edit History Quick Facts & Related Topics

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For Students

Martin Luther King, Jr. (center), with other civil rights supporters lock arms on as they lead the way along Constitution Avenue during the March on Washington, Washington, D.C., on August 28, 1963.

Pop Quiz: 17 Things to Know About the American Civil Rights Movement

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Spike Lee at the 2007 Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards. Shrine Auditorium, Los Angeles, California

Prominent HBCU Alumni

Andrea Hayes Dixon (center) Dean of the Howard University College of Medicine works with medical students at Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, D.C. in 2023

Why Are There So Few HBCU Medical Schools?

In 1958, Mildred Loving, a black woman, and her white husband, Richard Loving, went to Washington to get married. After they returned to Central Point, police raided their home and arrested them

50 Years Ago: Loving v. Virginia

African Americans demonstrating for voting rights in front of the White House as police and others watch, March 12, 1965. One sign reads, "We demand the right to vote everywhere." Voting Rights Act, civil rights.

Timeline of the American Civil Rights Movement

Police began to move in the area of 12th Street and Clairmont as hundreds of people fill the street with violence gaining momentum during the 1967 Detroit Race Riot.

The Riots of the Long, Hot Summer

Discover

Panama Canal infographic

Timeline and Map of the Panama Canal

World Data Locator Map: Australia

Is Australia an Island?

Saint Lucia Day. Young girl wears Lucia crown (tinsel halo) with candles. Holds Saint Lucia Day currant laced saffron buns (lussekatter or Lucia's cats). Observed December 13 honor virgin martyr Santa Lucia (St. Lucy). Luciadagen, Christmas, Sweden

7 Winter Solstice Celebrations From Around the World

Colorful winter sunset

What's the Difference Between a Solstice and an Equinox?

Coriander leaves, fresh green cilantro on wooden background, herbs

Why Does Cilantro Taste Like Soap to Some People?

Entrants falling and tumbling over while chasing the cheese at the 2016 'Cheese Rolling' held at Cooper's Hill, in the Cotswolds, Brockworth England

7 of the World’s Most Dangerous Festivals

Facsimile of one of William Henry Ireland's forgeries, a primitive self-portrait of William Shakespeare(tinted engraving). Published for Samuel Ireland, Norfolk Street, Strand, December 1, 1795. (W.H. Ireland, forgery)

The Time a Law Clerk Successfully Forged a New Shakespeare Play to Impress His Dad

James Farmer: Facts & Related Content

Written and fact-checked by The Information Architects of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Facts

Also Known As	James Leonard Farmer, Jr.
Born	January 12, 1920 • Marshall • Texas
Died	July 9, 1999 (aged 79) • Fredericksburg • Virginia
Founder	Congress of Racial Equality
Awards And Honors	Presidential Medal of Freedom (1998)
Role In	American civil rights movement • Freedom Rides

Photos

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John Lewis

John Lewis

American civil rights leader and politician

Diane Nash

Diane Nash

American civil rights activist

Fred Shuttlesworth

Fred Shuttlesworth

American minister and civil rights activist

Stokely Carmichael

Stokely Carmichael

West Indian-American activist

Rubye Robinson

American civil rights activist

Bayard Rustin

Bayard Rustin

American civil-rights activist

Jesse Jackson

Jesse Jackson

American minister and activist

Height, Dorothy

Dorothy Height

American civil and women’s rights activist

Henry MacNeal Turner

American civil rights leader and religious leader

Benjamin Mays

American political activist

Martin Luther King, Jr.

Martin Luther King, Jr.

American religious leader and civil-rights activist

James Baldwin

James Baldwin

American author

Pauli Murray

Pauli Murray

American civil rights activist, lawyer, and writer

Fred Hampton

Fred Hampton

American activist

John Oliver Killens

American writer and activist

Charlotta Spears Bass

Charlotta Spears Bass

American editor and activist

Claudette Colvin

Claudette Colvin

American activist

Faith Ringgold

Faith Ringgold

American artist and author

Stanley Crouch

American journalist and critic

Daisy Bates and the Little Rock Nine

Daisy Bates

American civil rights leader

Quiz

Martin Luther King, Jr. (center), with other civil rights supporters lock arms on as they lead the way along Constitution Avenue during the March on Washington, Washington, D.C., on August 28, 1963.

Pop Quiz: 17 Things to Know About the American Civil Rights Movement

Martin Luther King, Jr. (left of centre) and Malcolm X (right) waiting for a press conference, 1964.

American Civil Rights Movement Quiz