New Georgia Islands

islands, Solomon Islands

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New Georgia Islands, volcanic island group in the country of Solomon Islands, southwestern Pacific Ocean, 90 miles (145 km) northwest of Guadalcanal. The four main islands of the group (northwest to southeast) are Vella Lavella; Kolombangara, largely consisting of a cone-shaped solfataric volcano (one that exudes only hot vapours and sulfuric gases) rising to 5,800 feet (1,768 metres); New Georgia, the largest of the group; and Vangunu. Ghizo is the smallest of the New Georgia Islands and the site of the town of Gizo. The island group has an area of 1,954 square miles (5,061 square km). The islands are picturesque, surrounded by extensive reefs and lagoons; they are rugged and well forested, with a virtual absence of animal life and an abundance of rivers. New Georgia rises to two peaks, Mount Vina Roni (3,300 feet [1,006 metres]) in the north and Mount Mangela (2,670 feet [814 metres]) in the centre. Timber is produced on New Georgia and Kolombangara. Other products include copra, taros, sweet potatoes, and yams. During World War II, Japanese airfields were established at several places on New Georgia. Allied forces took the islands from the Japanese on Oct. 7, 1943, after an intense struggle that began on June 29.

This article was most recently revised and updated by Lorraine Murray.