Sierra Maestra
Sierra Maestra, mountain range, southeastern Cuba. The range extends eastward from Cape Cruz, at the southern shore of the Gulf of Guacanayabo, to the Guantánamo River valley. The heavily wooded mountains rise sharply from the Caribbean coast, culminating in Turquino Peak, Cuba’s highest peak, 6,476 feet (1,974 metres) above sea level. The Sierra Maestra’s slopes yield mahogany, cedar, ebony, and other hardwoods and are used for coffee growing. Deposits of copper, iron, manganese, silver, chromium, asphalt, and marble are found in the mountains. The area gained political prominence as the base from which Fidel Castro launched the revolution that resulted in the overthrow of Fulgencio Batista in 1959. The principal cities in the region are Santiago de Cuba and Palma Soriano.