Ancient Egypt - Byzantine Empire, Trade, Religion

ancient Egypt

Table of Contents

Introduction & Top Questions
Introduction to ancient Egyptian civilization
- Life in ancient Egypt
- The king and ideology: administration, art, and writing
- Sources, calendars, and chronology
- The recovery and study of ancient Egypt
The Predynastic and Early Dynastic periods
- Predynastic Egypt
- The Early Dynastic period (c. 2900–c. 2544 bce)
  - The 1st dynasty (c. 2900–c. 2730 bce)
  - The 2nd dynasty (c. 2730–c. 2590 bce)
  - The 3rd dynasty (c. 2592–c. 2544 bce)
The Old Kingdom (c. 2543–c. 2120 bce) and the First Intermediate period (c. 2118–c. 1980 bce)
- The Old Kingdom
  - The 4th dynasty (c. 2543–c. 2436 bce)
  - The 5th dynasty (c. 2435–c. 2306 bce)
  - The 6th dynasty (c. 2305–c. 2118 bce)
  - The 7th and 8th dynasties (c. 2150–c. 2118 bce)
- The First Intermediate period
  - The 9th dynasty (c. 2118–c. 2080 bce)
  - The 10th (c. 2080–c. 1980 bce) and 11th (c. 2080–c. 1940 bce) dynasties
The Middle Kingdom (c. 1980–c. 1760 bce) and the Second Intermediate period (c. 1759–c. 1539 bce)
- The Middle Kingdom
  - The 12th dynasty (c. 1939–c. 1760 bce)
  - The 13th dynasty (c. 1759–c. 1630 bce) and 14th dynasty (c. 1759–c. 1530 bce)
- The Second Intermediate period
  - The 15th (c. 1630–c. 1530 bce) through 17th (c. 1630–c. 1540 bce) dynasties
  - The end of the Second Intermediate Period
The New Kingdom (c. 1539–c. 1077 bce)
- The 18th dynasty (c. 1539–c. 1292 bce)
  - Ahmose
  - Amenhotep I
  - Thutmose I and Thutmose II
  - Hatshepsut and Thutmose III
  - Amenhotep II
  - Thutmose IV
  - Foreign influences during the early 18th dynasty
  - Amenhotep III
  - Amenhotep IV (Akhenaten)
  - The aftermath of Amarna
  - Ay and Horemheb
- The Ramesside period (19th and 20th dynasties) (c. 1292–c. 1077 bce)
  - Ramses I and Seti I
  - Ramses II
  - Merneptah
  - Last years of the 19th dynasty
  - The early 20th dynasty: Setnakht and Ramses III
  - Ramses IV
  - The later Ramesside kings
Egypt from 1076 bce to the Macedonian invasion
- The Third Intermediate period (c. 1076–723 bce)
  - The 21st dynasty
  - Libyan rule: the 22nd and 23rd dynasties
  - The 24th and 25th dynasties
- The Late period (664–332 bce)
- Egypt under Achaemenid rule
  - The 27th dynasty
  - The 28th, 29th, and 30th dynasties
  - The second Persian period
Macedonian and Ptolemaic Egypt (332–30 bce)
- The Macedonian conquest
- The Ptolemaic dynasty
- The Ptolemies (305–145 bce)
- Dynastic strife and decline (145–30 bce)
- Government and conditions under the Ptolemies
  - Administration
  - Economy
  - Religion
  - Culture
Roman and Byzantine Egypt (30 bce– 642 ce)
- Egypt as a province of Rome
- Administration and economy under Rome
- Society, religion, and culture
- Egypt’s role in the Byzantine Empire
- Byzantine government of Egypt
- The advance of Christianity

References & Edit History Quick Facts & Related Topics

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Diocletian was the last reigning Roman emperor to visit Egypt, in 302 ce. Within about 10 years of his visit, the persecution of Christians ceased. The end of persecution had such far-reaching effects that from this point on it is necessary to think of the history of Egypt in a very different framework. No single point can be identified as the watershed between the Roman and Byzantine period, as the divide between a brighter era of peace, culture, and prosperity and a darker age, supposedly characterized by more-oppressive state machinery in the throes of decline and fall. The crucial changes ...(100 of 35061 words)

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