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Josephson effect
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Figure 3: Maximum zero-voltage (Josephson) current passing through a junction by Cooper-pair tunneling as a function of magnetic field.
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Josephson effect

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Key People:
Brian D. Josephson

Josephson effect, flow of electric current between two pieces of superconducting material separated by a thin layer of insulating material. Superconductors are materials that lose all electrical resistance when cooled below a certain temperature near absolute zero. The English physicist Brian D. Josephson predicted the flow of current in 1962 on the basis of the BCS theory (q.v.) of superconductivity. The subsequent experimental verification of the Josephson effect lent support to the BCS theory. The Josephson current flows only if no battery is connected across the two superconductors. If a battery is inserted, the current oscillates very rapidly so that ...(100 of 250 words)

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