ammonia

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References & Edit History Related Topics

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Ammonia and amines have a slightly flattened trigonal pyramidal shape with a lone pair of electrons above the nitrogen. In quaternary ammonium ions, this area is occupied by a fourth substituent.

ammonia boron trifluoride formation

Learn how nitrogen-fixing bacteria fix nitrogen, also how it benefits the farmers in agriculture

For Students

ammonia summary

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ammonia: References & Edit History

More Articles On This Topic

applications

chemical industry

In chemical industry: Synthesis gas

ammonia-soda process
- In ammonia-soda process
ethanolamine production
- In ethanolamine
fertilizers
- In fertilizer: Synthetic fertilizers
nitric acid production
- In nitric acid

ammonia masers
- In maser
atomic clock
- In time: Atomic clocks
basic solvents
- In acid–base reaction: Basic solvents
cigarettes
- In smoking: Addiction
refrigeration equipment
- In refrigeration

biological aspects

aquarium systems
- In aquarium: Maintenance problems
archaea
- In archaea: Habitats of the archaea
artiodactyl digestive system
- In artiodactyl: Digestive system
climate and life interaction
- In climate: The cycling of biogenic atmospheric gases
excretion and excretory systems
hyperammonemia
- In hyperammonemia
lungfish excretory system
- In dormancy: Fishes and amphibians
marine life origins
- In marine ecosystem: Origins of marine life
metabolism
photosynthesis
- In photosynthesis: Evolution of the process
treatment of hepatic encephalopathy
- In digestive system disease: Hepatic encephalopathy

planetary atmosphere

In life: Hypotheses of origins

Earth

Earth atmosphere evolution
nitrate aerosols
- In global warming: Aerosols

Jupiter
- In Jupiter: Cloud composition
Saturn
- In Saturn: Composition and structure
- In Saturn: Composition and structure
Uranus
- In Uranus: The atmosphere

production

coke byproducts
- In recycling: Ferrous metals
Haber-Bosch process
methane
- In natural gas: Applications
petrochemicals
- In petroleum refining: Inorganic chemicals
petroleum refining
- In petroleum refining: Hydrogen treatment

reactions

alkaline-earth metals
- In alkaline-earth metal: Physical and chemical behaviour
dissociation with iron cluster
- In cluster: Chemical properties
Le Chatelier’s principle
- In Henry-Louis Le Chatelier: Scientific career

structure and properties

diffusion
- In gas: Mean-free path and collision rate
molecular shape
- In chemical bonding: Applying VSEPR theory to simple molecules
nitrogen compounds
- In nitrogen: Compounds

Article Contributors

Primary Contributors

Steven S. Zumdahl

Other Contributors

Alexander More

Other Encyclopedia Britannica Contributors

Article History

Type	Description	Contributor	Date
	Add new Web site: New York State - Department of Health - The Facts About Ammonia.	Gloria Lotha	Dec 18, 2024
	Add new Web site: Chemical Safety Facts - Ammonia.	Gloria Lotha	Aug 02, 2024
	Add new Web site: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - Ammonia: Exposure, Decontamination, Treatment.	Gloria Lotha	May 08, 2024
	Add new Web site: Science - Ammoniaa renewable fuel made from sun, air, and watercould power the globe without carbon.	Gloria Lotha	Feb 15, 2024
	Add new Web site: Cleveland Clinic - Ammonia Levels.	Gloria Lotha	Nov 07, 2023
	Add new Web site: University of Bristol - Department of Chemistry - Ammonia.	Gloria Lotha	Aug 17, 2023
	Add new Web site: Chemistry LibreTexts - NH3.	Emily Rodriguez	Jul 07, 2023
	Add new Web site: American Chemical Society - Ammonia.	Gloria Lotha	Mar 31, 2023
	Add new Web site: United States Enviromental Protection Agency - Ammonia.	Gloria Lotha	Dec 09, 2022
	Add new Web site: National Center for Biotechnology Information - PubChem - Ammonia.	Aakanksha Gaur	Sep 06, 2022
	Added material about ammonia being a commonly used fertilizer in the United States and urea being the most common nitrogen fertilizer worldwide.	Erik Gregersen Alexander More	Mar 06, 2017
	Changed "Solvay process" to "the Solvay process." Added material about the use of hydroxylamine in the preparation of oximes.	Erik Gregersen	Apr 22, 2016
	Add new Web site: The Fertilizer Institute - Ammonia Fact Sheet.	Gloria Lotha	Jan 21, 2016
	Add new Web site: The Essential Chemical Industry Online - Ammonia.	Gloria Lotha	Jan 21, 2016
	Add new Web site: Science is Fun - Chemical of the Week - Ammonia.	Gloria Lotha	Jan 20, 2016
	Add new Web site: Buzzle.com - Ammonia.	Surabhi Sinha	Dec 25, 2013
	Added new Web site: How Stuff Works - Healthguide - Ammonia Poisoning.	Shiveta Singh	Sep 25, 2008
	Article revised and updated.	Kara Rogers	Aug 15, 2008
	Article added to new online database.	The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica	Jul 20, 1998