heat transfer
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- Clarkson's Documentation Library - Introduction to Heat Transfer
- BCCampus Publishing - Heat Transfer Methods – Conduction, Convection and Radiation Introduction
- College of DuPage Digital Press - Conceptual Physics - Heat Transfer
- Penn State College of Earth and Mineral Sciences - Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection - Mechanisms of Heat Loss or Transfer
- Physics LibreTexts - Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
- Boston University - Physics Department - Heat Transfer
- The Physics Classroom - Methods of Heat Transfer
- Indiana University Pressbooks - STEM for Educators - Heat Transfer
- Colorado State University - College of Engineering - Heat Transfer
- University of Babylon - Heat Transfer
heat transfer, any or all of several kinds of phenomena, considered as mechanisms, that convey energy and entropy from one location to another. The specific mechanisms are usually referred to as convection, thermal radiation, and conduction (see thermal conduction). Conduction involves transfer of energy and entropy between adjacent molecules, usually a slow process. Convection involves movement of a heated fluid, such as air, usually a fairly rapid process. Radiation refers to the transmission of energy as electromagnetic radiation from its emission at a heated surface to its absorption on another surface, a process requiring no medium to convey the energy.
Transfer of heat, whether in heating a building or a kettle of water or in a natural condition such as a thunderstorm, usually involves all these processes and are tied to the science of thermodynamics and the laws of thermodynamics.