Space exploration - International, Cooperation, Astronauts

space exploration

Table of Contents

Introduction
Overview of recent space achievements
- Motivations for space activity
- Major milestones
- Significant milestones in space exploration
History of space exploration
- Prelude to spaceflight
  - Precursors in fiction and fact
    - Tsiolkovsky
    - Goddard
    - Oberth
    - Other space pioneers
  - Early rocket development
    - Germany
    - United States
    - Soviet Union
  - Preparing for spaceflight
- From Sputnik to Apollo
  - The first satellites
  - Development of space organizations
    - United States
    - Soviet Union
    - Europe
    - Japan
    - China
    - International participation
    - Involvement of industry
  - The first human spaceflights
    - Vostok
    - Mercury
    - Gemini and Voskhod
    - Soyuz
  - The race to the Moon
    - The American commitment
    - The Soviet response
    - Interim developments
    - The Apollo lunar landings and Apollo-Soyuz
- Orbiting space platforms
  - Space stations
  - International space endurance records
  - Summary of space stations launched since 1971
  - The space shuttle
Human beings in space: debate and consequences
- Risks and benefits
- Selecting people for spaceflights
- Biomedical, psychological, and sociological aspects
Science in space
- Solar and space physics
- Solar system exploration
- Exploring the universe
- Microgravity research
- Observing Earth
Space applications
- Meteorology
- Positioning, navigation, and timing
- Military and national security uses of space
- Satellite telecommunications
- Remote sensing
- Commercial space transportation
- New commercial applications
Issues for the future
Chronology of crewed spaceflights
- Crewed spaceflights, 1960–69
- Crewed spaceflights, 1970–79
- Crewed spaceflights, 1980–89
- Crewed spaceflights, 1990–99
- Crewed spaceflights, 2000–09
- Crewed spaceflights, 2010–2019
- Crewed spaceflights, 2020–

References & Edit History Related Topics

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A number of international organizations are involved in space activities. The United Nations General Assembly established a Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space in 1959 to discuss scientific, technical, and legal issues related to international space activities; 95 countries were members of the committee in 2020. The committee has provided the forum for the development of five treaties and a number of declarations of principles related to space activities. The most important of them is the 1967 Outer Space Treaty, which sets forth the general legal principles governing the uses of space. Other parts of the UN system, ...(100 of 22189 words)

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