tumour

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As a tumour grows larger, it invades the healthy tissues nearby. Cancer spreads when cells from a tumour travel to other parts of the body.

Failure of DNA repair mechanismsDNA repair mechanisms maintain the integrity of DNA, which often acquires mutations during replication. If these mechanisms fail, or if the cell does not undergo apoptosis (a genetically encoded cell “suicide”), more mutations may occur, and the cells will proliferate. If the proliferation is slow and localized to the area in which it begins, the result is a benign tumour. With fast, uncontrolled growth and the invasion of other tissues, a malignant tumour arises.

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tumour

pathology

Also known as: neoplasm, tumor

Written and fact-checked by The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Last Updated: Nov 8, 2024 • Article History

Also spelled:: tumor

Also called:: neoplasm

Key People:: Sir Victor Horsley; William G. Kaelin, Jr.; Gregg L. Semenza; Peter J. Ratcliffe; Sir James Paget, 1st Baronet

Related Topics:: cancer; melanoma; gestational trophoblastic disease; thyroid tumour; germ cell tumour

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tumour, a mass of abnormal tissue that arises without obvious cause from preexisting body cells, has no purposeful function, and is characterized by a tendency to independent and unrestrained growth. Tumours are quite different from inflammatory or other swellings because the cells in tumours are abnormal in appearance and other characteristics. Abnormal cells—the kind that generally make up tumours—differ from normal cells in having undergone one or more of the following alterations: (1) hypertrophy, or an increase in the size of individual cells; this feature is occasionally encountered in tumours but occurs commonly in other conditions; (2) hyperplasia, or an ...(100 of 812 words)

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