Confucianism

Table of Contents

Introduction & Top Questions
The thought of Confucius
- The historical context
- The Analects as the embodiment of Confucian ideas
Formation of the classical Confucian tradition
- Mencius: The paradigmatic Confucian intellectual
- Xunzi: The transmitter of Confucian scholarship
- The Confucianization of politics
- The Five Classics
- Dong Zhongshu: The Confucian visionary
- Confucian ethics in the Daoist and Buddhist context
The Confucian revival
- The Song masters
- Confucian learning in Jin, Yuan, and Ming
- The age of Confucianism: Chosŏn-dynasty Korea, Tokugawa Japan, and Qing China
Transformation since the 19th century

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Confucianism summary

Confucianism

Q: What is Confucianism?

Confucianism is the way of life propagated by Confucius in the 6th–5th century BCE and followed by the Chinese people for more than two millennia. It remains the social code of the Chinese and continues to influence other countries, particularly Korea , Japan , and Vietnam .

Q: Does Confucianism have a god?

There is no deity worshipped in Confucianism, though the worship of ancestors and of Confucius himself as a sage master and teacher are practiced.

Q: Where does Confucianism come from?

Though Confucius is sometimes credited with founding Confucianism, he said that he was interpreting the philosophy of Zhougong , the duke of Zhou, rather than creating new doctrine. Zhougong was said to have helped consolidate, expand, and refine the “ feudal ” ritual system. This system depended on blood ties, marriage alliances, and old covenants as well as on newly negotiated contracts.

Q: How did Confucianism spread?

Confucianism was not successfully spread by Confucius . Instead, the scholar Mencius , who was born more than a century after Confucius died, adapted his philosophy and preached in different states. At first the Chinese people embraced Confucianism more readily than the ruling class did, but Confucianism was revived and popularized by the Han dynasty , from 206 BCE to 220 CE.

Written by Tu Weiming

Fact-checked by The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Last Updated: Nov 22, 2024 • Article History

Key People:: Xunzi; Zhu Xi; Mencius; Kang Youwei; Confucius

Related Topics:: ren; Neo-Confucianism; xiao; li; tianming

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What is Confucianism?

Does Confucianism have a god?

Where does Confucianism come from?

How did Confucianism spread?

Confucianism, the way of life propagated by Confucius in the 6th–5th century bce and followed by the Chinese people for more than two millennia. Although transformed over time, it is still the substance of learning, the source of values, and the social code of the Chinese. Its influence has also extended to other countries, particularly Korea, Japan, and Vietnam. Confucianism, a Western term that has no counterpart in Chinese, is a worldview, a social ethic, a political ideology, a scholarly tradition, and a way of life. Sometimes viewed as a philosophy and sometimes as a religion, Confucianism may be understood ...(100 of 10775 words)

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