Ask the Chatbot Games & Quizzes History & Society Science & Tech Biographies Animals & Nature Geography & Travel Arts & Culture ProCon Money Videos
Hai San
Table of Contents
Introduction References & Edit History Related Topics
Read Next
Iraqi Army Soldiers from the 9th Mechanized Division learning to operate and maintain M1A1 Abrams Main Battle Tanks at Besmaya Combat Training Center, Baghdad, Iraq, 2011. Military training. Iraq war. U.S. Army
8 Deadliest Wars of the 21st Century
Discover
The impeachment trial of Pres. Andrew Johnson, illustration from Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, March 28, 1868.
What If the President Is Impeached?
King Cobra snake in Malaysia. (reptile)
9 of the World’s Deadliest Snakes
Four year old boy with grandfather and father lighting Hanukkah menorah. Photo taken on: December 21st, 2009
Which Is Correct: Hanukkah or Chanukah?
Colorful winter sunset
What's the Difference Between a Solstice and an Equinox?
Facsimile of one of William Henry Ireland's forgeries, a primitive self-portrait of William Shakespeare(tinted engraving). Published for Samuel Ireland, Norfolk Street, Strand, December 1, 1795. (W.H. Ireland, forgery)
The Time a Law Clerk Successfully Forged a New Shakespeare Play to Impress His Dad
Ice Sledge Hockey, Hockey Canada Cup, USA (left) vs Canada, 2009. UBC Thunderbird Arena, Vancouver, BC, competition site for Olympic ice hockey and Paralympic ice sledge hockey. Vancouver 2010 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games, Vancouver Olympics
10 Best Hockey Players of All Time
Indian hijras participate in a religious procession in Gandhinagar, India, some 30 kilometers from Ahmedabad, on March 22, 2017. Hijra is a term used in South Asia which refers to transgender individuals who are born male. (gender identity, gender expression)
6 Cultures That Recognize More than Two Genders

Hai San

Chinese secret society
verifiedCite
While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions.
Select Citation Style
Share
Share to social media
URL
https://mainten.top/topic/Hai-San
Feedback
Corrections? Updates? Omissions? Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login).
Thank you for your feedback

Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.

External Websites
Written and fact-checked by
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors.
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Article History

Hai San, Chinese secret society that was influential in commerce and tin mining in 19th-century Malaya. The Hai San had its origins in southern China and was transmitted to Malaya by immigrant labourers. Cantonese originally dominated the society, but, between 1845 and 1860, Hakka immigrants gained preeminence. The society itself was a semilegal organization, internally controlled by impressive rituals, oath taking, and harsh penalties for infractions of rules. These rules included helping fellow members in times of need, keeping society affairs secret, and aiding members in quarrels. The Hai San was primarily centred in the Larut tin-mining district of Perak. Its disruptive activities, particularly its feud with the Ghee Hin society over the Perak tin mines, aroused the British authorities, who mediated a settlement between the two groups (see Chinese Engagement). By 1890 the Hai San had been absorbed into the Toh Peh Kong society, known as the Sa Tiam Hui in present-day Malaysia.