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seraph
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Giotto: St. Francis of Assisi Receiving the Stigmata
Giotto: St. Francis of Assisi Receiving the Stigmata St. Francis of Assisi Receiving the Stigmata, fresco attributed to Giotto, c. 1300; in the upper church of St. Francis Basilica, Assisi, Italy.

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Also known as: burning one, seraphim
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Plural:
seraphim
Related Topics:
angel and demon
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seraph, in Jewish, Christian, and Islamic literature, celestial being variously described as having two or three pairs of wings and serving as a throne guardian of God. Often called the burning ones, seraphim in the Old Testament appear in the Temple vision of the prophet Isaiah as six-winged creatures praising God in what is known in the Greek Orthodox church as the Trisagion (“Thrice Holy”): “Holy, holy, holy is the Lord of hosts; the whole earth is full of his glory” (Isaiah 6:3). In Christian angelology the seraphim are the highest-ranking celestial beings in the hierarchy of angels.

In art the four-winged cherubim are painted blue (symbolizing the sky) and the six-winged seraphim red (symbolizing fire). Compare cherub.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica This article was most recently revised and updated by Adam Augustyn.