snipefish

snipefish, any of about 18 species of marine fishes of the family Centriscidae (order Gasterosteiformes) found in deeper tropical and subtropical waters of the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific oceans. Snipefishes are small deep-bodied fishes that grow to 30 cm (12 inches) in length. They are commonly silver, pink, purple, or red and swim in a head-down position. They have long, narrow, tubular snouts that end in a small toothless mouth. Snipefishes often bear a partial coating of armoured plates along the back. They spawn pelagic (that is, open-ocean drifting) eggs that do not receive parental care.

Snipefishes are often referred to as “bellows fish” because of their resemblance to a hand-driven bellows. Snipefishes possess an erect dorsal fin that contains several spines. The longest of these spines and the fish’s tail appear to form the “handles” of the bellows, whereas the fish’s tubular snout forms the “nozzle.”

Snipefish populations are thought to be relatively abundant, because the deeper-water habitats of most species afford them greater protection from commercial fishing. The International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources classifies all snipefishes as species of least concern.

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There are three genera of snipefishes: Centriscops, Macrorhamphosus, and Notopogon. Although all are typically placed in the family Centriscidae, some classifications place these genera in the family Macroramphosidae.