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nepheline
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Nepheline from Litchfield, Maine alkalic syenite
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Nepheline from Litchfield, Maine
Nepheline from Litchfield, Maine

nepheline

mineral
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Also known as: eleolite, nephelite
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Also called:
nephelite, or eleolite

nepheline, the most common feldspathoid mineral, an aluminosilicate of sodium and potassium [(Na,K)AlSiO4]. It is sometimes used as a substitute for feldspars in the manufacture of glass and ceramics. Nepheline is the characteristic mineral of alkaline plutonic rocks, particularly nepheline syenites and nepheline gneisses. It occurs in beautiful crystal form with mica, garnet, and sanidine feldspar on Monte Somma, Vesuvius, Italy. For detailed physical properties, see feldspathoid (table).

Carnegieite is synthetic, high-temperature nepheline. Kaliophilite is the high-temperature form of kalsilite, the potassium-rich variety of nepheline. Kaliophilite is unstable at normal temperatures and rarely occurs in nature.

This article was most recently revised and updated by John P. Rafferty.