Western architecture

Table of Contents

Introduction
European Metal Age cultures
- Aegean and eastern Mediterranean
  - Minoan Crete
  - Mycenaean Greece
    - Fortification
    - Palaces
    - Tombs
- Western Mediterranean
  - Bronze Age cultures
    - Iberia
    - Balearic Islands
    - Malta
    - Sardinia and Corsica
    - Italy
  - Iron Age cultures
    - Iberia
    - Italy
Ancient Greek
- The early periods
  - The “Orientalizing” period
  - The Archaic period (c. 750–500 bce)
- The Classical period
  - Early Classical (c. 500–450 bce)
  - High Classical (c. 450–400 bce)
  - Late Classical (c. 400–323 bce)
- Hellenistic period
Roman and early Christian
- Republic and empire
  - Building materials
  - Construction
  - Design
  - Types of public buildings
  - Residential architecture
  - Town planning
  - Stylistic development
- Early Christian
  - First period, to 313 ce
  - Second period, after 313 ce
The Christian East
- The early Byzantine period (330–726)
- The Iconoclastic Age (726–843)
- The middle Byzantine period (843–1204)
- The late Byzantine period (1204–1453)
- Kievan Rus and Russia
The Christian West
- The early Middle Ages
  - Migratory period
  - Merovingian period
    - France
    - Ireland
    - England
    - Spain
  - Carolingian period
  - Ottonian period
  - Prelude to Romanesque in the north
- Romanesque
  - Burgundy
  - Normandy
  - Aquitaine, Languedoc, and Auvergne
  - Provence
  - Germany and the Low Countries
  - Iberia
  - Italy
  - Norman Italy and Sicily
  - Palestine
- Gothic
  - Early Gothic
  - High Gothic
  - Italian Gothic (c. 1200–1400)
  - Late Gothic
  - The end of Gothic
The Renaissance
- Early Renaissance in Italy (1401–95)
- High Renaissance in Italy (1495–1520)
- Italian Mannerism or Late Renaissance (1520–1600)
- The Renaissance outside Italy
  - France
    - Early Renaissance
    - Mannerism
  - Spain
    - Plateresque
    - Classical
    - Herreran
  - Portugal
  - Germany
  - Flanders and Holland
  - England
  - Eastern Europe
Baroque and Rococo
- Origins and development in Rome
- National and regional variations
  - Italy
  - Spain
  - Flanders
  - Holland
  - France
  - England
  - Central Europe
  - Russia
  - Colonial architecture in North America
- Urban design
  - 17th century
  - 18th century
Classicism, 1750–1830
- Origins and development
- National and regional variations
  - Great Britain
  - France
  - Italy
  - Spain and Portugal
  - Germany
  - Scandinavia and Finland
  - Poland
  - Russia
  - United States
Gothic Revival, c. 1730–c. 1930
- Origins and development
- National and regional variations
  - Great Britain
    - From the 17th to the 19th century
    - From the 19th to the early 20th century
  - France
  - Germany and central Europe
  - Romania
  - The Low Countries
  - Scandinavia
  - Italy
  - Spain and Portugal
  - United States
Classicism, 1830–1930
- Continuing development
- National and regional variations
  - France
  - Great Britain
  - Italy
  - Germany and Austria
  - Scandinavia and Greece
  - United States
Late 19th-century developments
- Construction in iron and glass
- Art Nouveau
20th-century architecture
- The Modernist movement
  - Before World War II
    - Europe
    - The United States
  - After World War II
- Postmodernism
Architecture at the turn of the 21st century
- Deconstruction
- Millennial trends

References & Edit History Related Topics

Images & Videos

James Paine and Robert Adam: Kedleston Hall

Read Next

Florence Baptistery of Saint John, Italy

9 Historic Buildings in Florence

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's House, Weimar,Germany; photocrom print published between 1890-1900.

5 Historically Significant Houses in Germany

The New Museum of Contemporary Art in New York City, designed by the Japanese architecture firm SANAA (Sejima and Nishizawa and Associates) and opened in 2007. Attached to the facade is Swiss artist Ugo Rondinone's sculpture installation Hell, Yes! (2001)

Woman-Made: 13 Architects You Might Not Know

Shotgun Houses

Discover

The Jeff Koons tulips sculputure outside the Guggenheim Museums in Bilbao, Spain, Basque Country.

What’s the Difference Between Modern and Contemporary Art?

A mug shot taken by the regional Colombia control agency in Medellin

Pablo Escobar: 8 Interesting Facts About the King of Cocaine

What's the Difference Between a Solstice and an Equinox?

Stylish light blue jeans on wooden background, closeup of inset pocket

Why Do Jeans Have That Tiny Pocket?

9 of the World’s Deadliest Snakes

Fish. Lionfish. Lion-fish. Turkey fish. Fire-fish. Red lionfish. Pterois volitans. Venomous fin spines. Coral reefs. Underwater. Ocean. Red lionfish swims by seaweed.

10 of the World’s Most Dangerous Fish

Close-up of ostriches (Struthio camelus) necks and heads; location unknown.

6 of the World's Most Dangerous Birds

In England the Palladianism (a Classical style of architecture based on the writings of Andrea Palladio) of architects such as Lord Burlington, Colen Campbell, and their followers, beginning in the 1720s, had already marked a turning away from the Baroque style of Wren’s successors Vanbrugh and Nicholas Hawksmoor as well as the adoption of a simpler and more restrained style. As early as 1715 the new spirit was discernible in Campbell’s introduction to the first volume of his Vitruvius Britannicus. Advocating the judgment “truly of the Merit of Things by the Strength of Reason,” his heroes were Vitruvius, Palladio, and ...(100 of 75935 words)

Access the full article

Help support true facts by becoming a member.